Process of manufacturing fatty compounds for use as turkey-red oils.



PATENT omen ALEXAkE ER SCHMITZ, OF I-IEERDT, NEAR DUSSELDORF, GERMANY.

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING FATTY COMPOUNDS FOR USE .AS TURKEY-RED OILS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 30, 1907.

Application filed April 10, 1907. Serial No. 367,303.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDERSCHMITZ, doctor of philosgphy, of Heerdt, asubject of the King of Prussia, and whose pest-office address is Heerdt,near Dusseldorf, Prussia, German Empire, have invented a new and usefulProcess of Manufacturing Fatty Compounds for Use as Turkey-Red Oils; andI do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of my invention, which will enable others skilled in the artto which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to the manufacture of'fatty compounds for use asTurkey red oils, and it has for its object to so improve saidmanufacture that staining of the yarns and fabrics is perfectly avoided.

As' is well known to those familiar with the art of Turkey red dyeingthe Turkey red oils manufactured by means of the known processes aredefective in that they form insoluble lime soaps upon being mixed withcalcareous water, and that the unavoidable adherence of the very fineparticles of such soaps to the yarn or fabric to be treated gives thelatter a stained appearance.

In order to obtain fatty compounds which are not capable of causinginsoluble lime-soaps to be separated out, my present invention is asfollows:

I take fatty oxyacid compounds obtained from fatty substances having thecharacter of castor oil, that is to say caster oil itself, similar fattyoils and fats of the vegetal and animal kingdom or mixtures of castoroil,

- or similar fatty oils and fats with other fatty oils, fats or fattyacids, such as oleic acid, olein, ricinolcic acid and the like. Thesefatty oxyacid compounds are produced in the usual manner which is asfollows: Castor oil or its desired substituent is sulfonated by means ofsulfuric acid in the manner usual in the manufacture of Turkey red oil;the sulfenation being completed, the

I, product of the reaction is freed from adherent sulfuric acid bywashing with water or an alkaline Water, then separated from the underlye and continuously boiled either alone or with water in an open vesseluntil the sulfoacid compound formed in the sulfonating step is split upand the sulfuric acid completely disengaged from the oil. By this meansthe oil is rendered completely insoluble in water and, as is known, istransformed into the corresponding fatty oxy-acid com-. pound.

The fatty oxy-acid compound being washed thoroughly free from sulfuricacid "and dehydrated is mixed in the mixing vat with castor oil or othersimilarly-acting fatty oils or fats and heated to 40100 O. The mixtureis allowed to cool to room temperature, when it is sulfonated withsulfuric acid as usual in the manufacture of Turkey red oil; thesulfonation being accomplished the product of the reaction is washedclean from adhering sulfuric acid with water or an alkaline water,allowed to stand for some time in order to obtain complete separation,drawn off from the under lye and finally mixed with alkali so as toproduce an acid or a neutral or a basic oil soluble in water accordingto requirements. If desired the oil drawn off from the under-lye may betransformed into soap by boiling it with an alkali.

The process is not limited to any strict mixing proportions between thefatty oxy-acid compounds and oil or fat, as such proportions may varywithin wide limits (25-75 per cent. of fatty oxy-acid compound to 75-25per cent of oil or fat).

By the described process compounds are obtained which outwardly resembleordinary Turkey-red oils or soaps, but which present considerabledifferences as regards chemical composition and reactions. They differfrom the ordinary Turkey red oils and soaps cssentially by theirbehavior with regard to calcareous water. While with ordinary Turkey redoils and soaps such water in the presence of heat or even at ordinarytemperatures gives rise'te the formation of an'insoluble lime soap theparticles of which collect on the surface of the water and occasion theknown prejudicial effects in fabrics and yarns owing to the formation ofspots, the novel compounds obtained by the herein-described process donot separate out any lime soap when mixed with calcareous water evenafter a long standing for the reason, it is believed, that any acid limesoap which may be formed remains dissolved in the fatty solution inexcessl This reaction is so nice and characteristic of these novel fattycompounds that it may be employed as a reliable test to distinguish themfrom the ordinary Turkey red oils and soaps. The novel fatty compoundsare of especial value for the textile industry generally, particularlyin the case of strongly calcareous water, for the purpose of avoidingthe prejudicial lim e-soap spots. Their introduction supplies a wantlong and seriously felt in many ind ustrics as their use enables atroublesome defect to be overcome.

I Wish it to be understood that the term fatty substances of thecharacter of castor oil as used in this specification and its annexedclaims is intended to comprise as well castor oil itself as its knownsubstitucnts and mixtures of castor oil or its substituents with otherfatty oils, fats or fatty acids.

What I claim as my invention is:

l. The process of manufacturing fatty compounds for use as 'lurkcy redoil which essentially consists in mixing fatty substances of thecharacter of caster oil with fatty oxyacid compounds obtained from suchsubstances, heating the mixture, allowing to cool, snlfonating, washingand finally mixing with alkali, substantially as and for the purposestated.

2. The process of manufacturing fatty compounds for use as Turkey redoil which essentially consists in mixing fatty substances oi thecharacter 01 caster oil with fatty oxyaeid compounds obtained from suchsubstances, heating the mixtureto from 40 to 100 Centigrade, allowing;to cool, sulfonating', washing and finally mixing with alkali,substantially as and for the purpose stated.

The process of manufacturing fatty compounds for use as 'lurkey red oilwhich essentially eonsists'in mixing fatty substanees of the characterof Castor oil with the fatty oxyacid compounds obtained from castor oil,heating the mixture to from 40 to 100 centigrade allowing to cool,sultonating, washing and finally mixing with alkali. substantially asand for the purpose stated.

ALEXANDER SCHMITZ.

Witnesses:

M. ENGELS, ALFRED POHLMEYER.

